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Styles and Movements

"Bad Painting" '85 New Wave 19th Century American Art 19th Century American Paintings and Works on Paper 19th Century French Academy 19th Century German Realism 20th Century Art Abstract Art Abstract Expressionism Abstract Painting Abstract Photography Abstract Sculpture Abstract versus Figurative Art Abstraction-Création Action Painting Afrofuturism American Impressionism American Modernism American Prints 1880–1950 American Realism American Regionalism American Sculpture 1830–1950 American Tonalism American Works on Paper 1880–1950 Art Brut Art Deco Art Informel Art Nouveau Arte Povera Ashcan School Barbizon School Baroque Bauhaus Bay Area Figurative Art Beijing East Village Bengal School of Art Black Arts Movement Black Mountain College Body Art CalArts Capitalist Realism Chicago Imagists Chicano Art Cluj School CoBrA Colab Collaborations and Collectives Color Field Painting Conceptual Art Conceptual Art and Contemporary Conceptualism Concrete Art Constructivism Contemporary Academic Realism Contemporary Archaeological Contemporary Art Contemporary Asian Art Contemporary British Art Contemporary Canadian Art Contemporary Color Fields Contemporary Conceptualism Contemporary DIY Contemporary Fact versus Fiction Contemporary Fauvist Contemporary Faux Naïf Contemporary Feminist Contemporary Figurative Drawing Contemporary Figurative Painting Contemporary Gestural Abstraction Contemporary Glass Contemporary Gothic Contemporary Graphic Realism Contemporary Grotesque Contemporary Impressionist Contemporary Indian Art Contemporary Latin American Art Contemporary Middle Eastern and North African Art Contemporary Minimalist Contemporary Modernist-Type Photography Contemporary Op Art Contemporary Participation Contemporary Portrait Painting Contemporary Re-creations Contemporary Realist Portrait Photography Contemporary Scandinavian Art Contemporary Surrealistic Contemporary Traces of Memory Contemporary Turkish Art Contemporary Use of Textiles Contemporary Vintage Photography Cubism Cynical Realism Dada Dansaekhwa Danube School Dau Al Set De Stijl Deconstructivism Deutscher Werkbund Die Brücke Documentary Film Documentary Travel Photography Dusseldorf School of Photography Dutch and Flemish Early Computer Art Early Renaissance East Village Art Expressionism Fashion Photography Fauvism Faux Naïf Feminist Art Feminist Art and Contemporary Feminist Figurative Art Figurative Painting Figurative Sculpture Fluxus Folk Art Funk Art Futurism Geometric Abstraction German Expressionism Gestural Abstraction Gothic Art Graffiti and Street Art Grand Manner Group Material Group Zero Group f/64 Gutai Happenings Harlem Renaissance Helsinki School of Photography High Renaissance Hudson River School Hyperrealism and Photorealism Iconic Works of Art History Identity Politics Impressionism Impressionism and Contemporary Impressionist Japanese Erotic Prints Japanese Photography Japonisme Kanō School Land Art Landscape Photography Light and Space Movement Luminism Mannerism Medieval Art Mexican Muralism Minimalism Minimalism and Contemporary Minimalist Modern Jewelry Modern Photography Modern and Impressionist Art Modern and Impressionist Prints Mono-ha Nabis Neo-Conceptualism Neo-Concrete Art Neo-Dada Neo-Expressionism Neo-Geo Neo-Impressionism Neo-Plasticism Neoclassicism Net Art Neue Sachlichkeit New American Color Photography New American Documentary Photography New British Sculpture New Leipzig School New Topographics New York School Nineteenth Century French Realism Northern Renaissance Nouveau Réalisme Nul Group Old Master Drawings and Prints Old Master Influenced Fantasy Old Masters Op Art Orientalism Orphism Pattern and Decoration Movement Pictorialism Pittura Metafisica Pointillism Political Minimalism Political Pop Pop Art Pop and Contemporary Pop Post-'70s Ego Generation Post-Impressionism Post-Internet Art Post-Painterly Abstraction Post-War American Art Post-War European Art Post-World War I European Classicism Post-World War II School of Paris Postminimalism Pre-Raphaelites Pre-World War II School of Paris Precisionism Process Art Progressive Artists' Movement Purism Relational Aesthetics Renaissance Art Rinpa School Rococo Art and Design Romanticism School of London Self-Taught, Folk, and Outsider Art Shin Hanga Social Action Social Realism Socialist Realism Soviet Nonconformist Art Spatialism Spiral Group Street Photography Studio Museum in Harlem Artist-in-Residence (AIR) Program Suprematism Surrealism Surrealistic Symbolism Synchromism The Aesthetic Movement The Anthropocene The Blue Rider The New Fauves The Pictures Generation The Stars Art Group (Xing Xing) Traditional Arts of Africa, Oceania, and the Americas Transavanguardia Ukiyo-e Venetian School Vienna Secession Viennese Actionism Washington Color School Works Progress Administration (WPA) Yale University School of Art Young British Artists (YBAs) Zaire School of Popular Painting

Design Movements

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Visual Qualities

Abstract Illusionism Allover Composition Angular Arabesque/Scroll Asymmetrical Balance Biomorphic Black and White Blown-Off-Roof Perspective Blurred Bright and Vivid Colors Bulbous Calligraphic Color Gradient Columns and Totems Contour Line Cracked Creased Crinkled Wrinkled Crystalline and Geological Forms Curvilinear Forms Dark Colors Dense Composition Divisionist Dotted Dynamism Earth Tones Emphasis on Linear Perspective Extreme Angle Flatness Fractal-like / Kaleidoscopic Fragmented Geometry Geometric Glittery Grid Hard-Edged Highly Detailed Highly Ornamented Iridescence/Opalescence Irregular Curvilinear Forms Irregular Linear Forms Layered Images Linear Forms Marbleized Metallic Mimicking Ruined Materials Mirrored Molecular Mr Doodle: Pop Heart Collection Pastel Colors Patinated and Oxidized Patterns Piles/Stacks Pixelated Primary Abstraction Primary Colors Psychedelic Radiating Lines Raw versus Finished Rough Scattered Composition Sharp/Prickly Shiny/Glossy Single Object Slender Slumped/Draped Smooth Surface Sparse Stained Glass Effect Striped Symmetrical Tangled Forms Transparent/Translucent Medium Viscous Forms Woven/Perforated Wrapped

Medium and Techniques

Camera Obscura Album, Folio and Fan Formats Altarpiece Altered and Substituted Canvases Analogue Filmmaking Animation Appropriation Arabic/Farsi Calligraphy Archaeological Object Art That Plays With Scale Artist's Frame Artists’ Books Automatism Bentwood Black-and-White Photography Body Casts/Body Prints Books and Portfolios Burned/Charred Caravaggesque Carving Chance Chiaroscuro Cinematic Close-Up Collage Collecting and Modes of Display Color Photography Color Theory Comic/Cartoon Computer-Aided Manufacturing Copies and Emulations Cut/Ripped Dance Delicate Materials Densely Textured or Haptic Surface Design/Architecture Study Digital Art Digital Painting and Drawing Digital Print Digital as Manual Digitally Manipulated Divinatory Objects, Talismans, and Amulets Documentary Photography Drawing East Asian Calligraphy East Asian Ink-and-Wash Painting Embossed Paper En plein air Encaustic Endurance Art Ephemera Erased and Obscured Etching/Engraving Extruded Design Film/Video Focus on Materials Folded Planes Found Footage and Found Video Fresco Frontal Perspective Generative Art Gestural Glass and Ceramics Glitch Aesthetic Gold Leaf and Gilding Handscroll Hanging Scroll Hatching History Painting Hyperrealism Illustration Imitated Material Immersive Impasto Installation Art Intaglio Intentionally Exposed Canvas Interactive Intricately Sculpted Kinetic Sculpture Large Brushstrokes/Loose Brushwork Large-Scale Painting Large-Scale Photography Large-Scale Sculpture Light Art Lightbox Lithograph Long Distance and Deep Distance Long Exposure Mail Art Manipulated Photography Manuscript Maquette Mediated View Miniature and Small-Scale Paintings Mixed-Media Monochrome Painting Monotype/Monoprint Multiple Exposure Multiple Screens Multiple Styles Murals and Wall Drawings NFT Negative Image Oil Painting Oil on Copper Oil on Panel Open Form Organic Material Outdoor Art Painting Painting and Writing Tools Panorama Paper Cut-Outs Passage Pastel Performance Art Photogram Photograph as Material Photographic Source Photographs of Surfaces Photography Photojournalism Photomontage Photorealistic Picassoesque Polychrome Sculpture Poster Poured Printed Matter Prints Process-Oriented Projection Pulled, Scraped, and Scratched Recycled Reduced-Scale Architecture Relief Rembrandtesque Repetition Research as Art Restored and Repurposed Screen Format Sculptural Use of Paint Sculpture Sculpture-Based Photography Sfumato Shallow Depth of Field Silkscreen Site-Specific Art Snapshot Aesthetic Soft Sculpture Sound Art Splattered/Dripped Spray Paint Staged Photography Stains/Washes Study Suspended/Hanging Tempera Time-Lapse Photography and Film Tondo Topographic Photography Traditional Photographic Techniques Traditional Scroll Painting Transfer Trompe l’oeil Typography Typologies Use of Traditional Techniques Vintage Photo Prints Virtual and Augmented Reality Wall Sculpture and Installation Watercolor Website Woodcut and Linocut Work on Paper

Time Periods

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African Art American Art Andes Region Art Angolan Art Art of Latin America and the Caribbean Asian Art Australian and New Zealand Art Austrian Art Beijing Artists Belgian Art Berlin Artists Brazilian Art British and Irish Art Brooklyn Artists California Art Canadian Art Caribbean Art Caucasus Art Central American Art Central Asian Art Chinese Art Cuban Art Dutch Art East African Art East European Art East German Art Eastern Mediterranean Egyptian Art Flanders and Luxembourg French Art French Guiana, Guyana and Suriname German Art Greek Art Hong Kong Artists Indian Art Iranian Art Iraqi Art Israeli Art Italian Art Japanese Art Korean Art Latin American Art Lebanon, Syria, Jordan and Palestine London Artists Los Angeles Artists Melanesian, Micronesian and Polynesian Art Mexican Art Middle African Art Middle Eastern and North African Art New York Artists North African Art Pakistani Art Paris Artists Portugese Art Russian Art San Francisco Artists Scandinavian Art South African Art South Asian Art Southeast Asian Art Southeast European Art Southern Cone Art Spanish Art Swiss Art Taiwanese Art Tibetan Art Tokyo Artists Turkish Art West African Art

Materials

Aluminum Assemblage Bone Brass Bronze Cardboard Ceramic Chalk Chrome-Plated Concrete Enamel Found Objects Gemstone Glass as Material Gold Inlay Ivory Leather/Hide Marble Metal Mosaics Natural Fibers Neon and Fluorescent Light Plaster Plastic Porcelain Resin Silver Stained Glass Steel Stone Taxidermy Terracotta Use of Common Materials Use of Ephemeral Materials Use of Paper Use of Precious Materials Use of Vintage Imagery Wood

Design Concepts and Techniques

CAD (Computer Aided Design) Children's Furniture and Design Design by Architects Design by Artists Engineering/Construction and Design Focus on Joints/Connections Handcrafted Furniture and Design Iconic Works of Design Industrial and Product Design Jewelry by Painters and Sculptors Masonry Construction Modular Design Non-Functional Design Reinforced Concrete Construction Religious Building Restrained Forms Steel/Iron Frame Construction Sustainable Design Timber Frame Construction Whimsical Design Women Designers

Cultural and Religious Styles

Aboriginal Art Ancient Egypt Art of Burma Art of Tonga Art of the Congo Art of the Ivory Coast Art of the Upper Paleolithic Asante Art Aztec Art Bamileke Art Benin Art Buddhist Art and Architecture Byzantine Art Cambodian Art Celtic Art Cheyenne Art Christian Art and Architecture Early Medieval Art Eastern Zhou Dynasty Edo Art Etruscan Art Greek Art and Architecture Greek and Roman Art and Architecture Guatemalan Art Han Dynasty Heian Period Hellenistic Art Himalayan Art Hindu Art and Architecture Hopi Art Iban Art Igbo (Ibo) Art Indonesian Art Islamic Art and Architecture Kushan Empire Maranao Art Mayan Art and Architecture Mbole Art Meiji Art Mende Art Mesopotamian Art Ming Dynasty Minoan Art Moche Art Mughal Art Mycenaean Art Native American, First Nations, and Alaska Native Art Northern and Southern Dynasties Oku Art Ottoman Art Papua New Guinea Art Phoenician Art Pre-Columbian Art Qing Dynasty Roman Art and Architecture Romanesque Art Shang Dynasty Song Dynasty Sui Dynasty Tang Dynasty Thai Art Traditional African Art Traditional Oceanic Art Western Zhou Dynasty Yaka Art Yombe Art Yoruba Art Yuan Dynasty Yup'ik Art

Furniture and Lighting

Armchair Bed Bench Ceiling Light Chair Chaise Lounge Chandelier Coffee Table Console Desk Dining Table Floor Lamp Furniture Lighting Mirror Sconce Seating Shelving Side Chair Side Table Sideboard Sofa Stool Storage Table Table Lamp Upholstered Furniture

Textiles

Embroidery Knitted and Crocheted Rug Tapestry and Wall Hanging Textile Arts Use of Fabric

Jewelry and Fashion Object Types

Bracelets Brooches Costume Accessory Earrings Necklaces Rings Watches

Tableware, Vessels, and Objects

Artist Merchandise and Multiples Autograph Blanket Bowl Clock Container Door Exhibition Poster Figurine Flatware Frame Glass Objects Household Objects Keychain Letter Objets de Vertu Plate Postcard Skateboard Tableware Tool Towel Toy Tray Vase Vessel Wallpaper

Antiquities, Artifacts, and Religious Objects

Arms and Armor Ceremonial Object Funerary/Commemorative Object Mask Musical Instrument Reliquary Tablet/Stele

Browse all 1,035 terms The Art Genome Project ↗

Art Genome Subject Matter

Bible Story

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This applies Bible Story as an exact Art Genome filter.

Tagged works

This horizontal painting is made up of three parts: in the center square panel, a woman reclines under a wooden shelter set into a rocky cave, which is surrounded by angels, and narrower wings to either side are each occupied by a standing man. All the people have pale skin, which is tinged with faint green. The three panels are joined with a gold frame, and the gold background behind the central scene and the men in the side panels are covered with a noticeable network of cracks. In the central panel, a cobalt-blue robe nearly envelopes the reclining woman’s body; this is Mary. It covers her head and falls open where she crosses her wrists over her chest to show a pink garment underneath. A flat gold halo encircles her head ,and her body is surrounded by a field of crimson red, almost like an aura. She rests under a wooden structure with a pitched roof, which is surrounded by craggy, barren rock. A swaddled infant lies in a rectangular, tray-like manger. The infant’s head is also surrounded by a gold halo. Fine gold rays emanate down into the structure from a star just above the peak of the roof. A bull and a donkey look down at the baby from the far side of the manger. The interior of the structure behind them is black. In a smaller scale, two women wash a haloed infant in a tub in front of the rocky cave near the lower left corner of this panel. A man with a white beard and hair sits to our left of Mary, holding a pink cloak at his throat and looking toward the infant. Above and around the rocks, seven winged and haloed angels cluster on each side. One angel to the right presents a scroll with black writing to two men accompanied by a dog and several sheep in the lower right. The man in the panel to the left, Isaiah, has a gray beard and long, wavy hair, and he wears a lilac-purple cloak draped over a coral-orange robe. In his right hand, on our left, he holds an unfurled scroll with large black lettering. His other hand is raised with one finger pointing upward. He looks to our left, away from the central scene. On the right, Ezekiel, echoes Isaiah's pose. Ezekiel holds an open scroll with his left hand, on our right, and his other hand is raised. He also wears a coral-colored robe, but his is overlaid with a blue cloak. His receding hair is short and brown, as is his beard. Like Isaiah, he takes up most of the height of the panel and gazes to our left, toward the central panel.

A man hangs from a wooden cross at the top center of this vertical painting, with a woman standing at the foot of the cross to our left and a man to our right, all in front of a deep landscape with mountains along a river. All the people have light skin. The feet of the man on the cross, Jesus, line up with the tops of the heads of the people standing below. Jesus hangs by a nail driven through each palm, and his overlapping feet are nailed into a short platform that angles downward. He has shoulder-length brown hair and a short brown beard. His head tips forward, and his eyes are downcast or closed. He has a straight nose, high cheekbones, and his lips are closed. Blood trickles down his forehead from a ring of thorns around his head, from the nails in his hands and feet, and from a short gash over his right ribs, on our left. A white loincloth is wrapped around his hips, and the end of it flutters as if in a breeze to our left. The man’s body is lean but muscular. A slip of paper with the letters “INRI” has been affixed to a small panel on the cross above Jesus’s head. Below and to our left of the cross, a woman stands with her head bowed, looking down with her hands clasped in prayer. Her hair is covered with a tan-colored veil and she wears a gold-edged, navy-blue robe that covers her head and body. She and the cleanshaven, blond man standing to our right of the cross both have bare feet. The man looks up at the cross with his lips parted. His fingers are intertwined and then flipped, palms-down, with his arms straight. His raspberry pink-robe falls over one shoulder and around his hips, over a topaz-blue, ankle-length tunic. The dirt-packed ground on which they stand is lined along the bottom edge of the panel with plants and flowers. The golden-brown land dips beyond the people, leading down to a river that winds into the distance. A castle-like structure perches on cliff-like outcroppings high along the left edge of the painting, and buildings at the foot of that outcropping line the river. Two people walk and one person fishes off a bridge near the town. A few boats, one with full sails unfurled and another possibly with oars out to row, float in the river beyond, which is flanked in the deep distance by mountains painted blue in the haze. The horizon comes about halfway up the composition, crossing the painting just beneath Jesus’s feet. The sky above deepens from pale yellow along the horizon to robin’s egg blue where a few wispy clouds create streaks along the top edge.

Les Noces de Cana

The Birth and Naming of John the Baptist

A winged angel with arms crossed kneels across from a young woman sitting and holding a book, both under an archway in a paneled room in this vertical painting. They both have pale, yellow-toned skin, blond hair, and flat, gold halos. They also have golden brown eyes, long, straight noses, smooth cheeks, and their pale, pink lips are closed. To our right, the woman sits in a throne-like chair with her body facing our left. Her head tilts down, and she looks toward the angel under lowered lids. Her hair is pulled back under the neck of the lapis-blue cloak she wears over a crimson-red dress. The dress and cloak are trimmed with gold, and a there is a gold starburst on the cloak over her left shoulder, closer to us. She holds her other hand up near that shoulder with her fingertips brushing her chest. With her other hand, she holds open the pages of a small book in her lap, so her fingers overlap some of the words. The entire Latin inscription would read, “virgo concipiet et pariet filium et vocabitur nomen eius emmanuel butirum et mel come dit ut fiat reprobare.” A slender, bone-white column separates her from the angel across from her, along the left edge of the painting. The angel has curly, shoulder-length hair and wears a robe with a gold, floral pattern against a burgundy-red background. Long, golden wings emerge from the shoulder blades and extend off the side of the composition. An open archway just beyond the angel is filled with streaks of flax yellow and burnt orange, possibly representing flames. Some of the walls in the room around the pair are pale olive green and other areas are darker spruce green. There are bands of coral-pink molding and inset panels of patterned mosaics. The flat ceiling of the space immediately over the pair is decorated with checkerboard panels in navy blue, hunter green, brown, and brick red. Gold lines create a ray coming from the ceiling toward the woman. At the back of the space, beyond the column separating the woman and angel, the room extends into an alcove with an arched hallway painted with gold stars against a midnight-blue background. Double doors open at the back of the alcove onto a room with a pale-yellow curtain with a mesh-like trim. We see the pair as if through a stone archway that lines the top and sides of the composition. The upper corners are filled with leafy decorations, as if carved into the stone.

The Crucifixion with the Virgin and Saint John

The Sacrifice of Isaac

Christ Crucified Between the Two Thieves: 'The Three Crosses'

A woman and winged angel, both with pale, peach skin, are situated in a church interior in this tall, narrow painting. To our left, the angel has long, blond, curly hair, smooth skin, and is smiling. The wings are outlined in royal blue, and they blend from blue to green to yellow to crimson. The angel holds one hand, closer to us, up at chest height with the index finger subtly pointing upward. Holding a long scepter in the other hand, the angel angles their body toward the woman to our right. The angel wears a gold jewel and pearl-encrusted crown and a jeweled long, voluminous robe in scarlet-red and shimmering gold brocade. The neck and along the opening down the front are lined with pearls and jewels. The angel looks toward the woman, who wears a royal-blue dress tied with a red belt at the high waist. Her long brown hair is tied back but one tendril falls over her left shoulder, to our right. She kneels facing us with her raised hands facing outward. Her head is tipped a bit to our left, and she looks up and into the distance to our right with lips slightly parted. She kneels behind a book lying open on a low table. A vase of white lilies and a red cushion lies on the floor in front of the table, close to us. The floor is decorated with people and scenes outlined in black and set into square panels, as if inlaid with wood. The church behind and above the people has a row of tall, narrow arches with bull’s-eye glass windows. A walkway lined with columns runs above the arches, and sunlight comes in through arched windows under the flat wood ceiling. A white dove flies toward the woman on gold lines from a window at the upper left of the painting. Latin words painted in gold capital letters are exchanged between the people. The angel says, “AVE GRA PLENA.” The letters of the woman’s response are painted upside down and backward: “ECCE ANCILLA DNI.”

The Adoration of the Magi

Dozens of people form a line starting from an opening in a city wall or building in the background to a rustic shed-like structure close to us, to kneel before a seated woman holding a baby on her lap in this vertical painting. All of the people have pale skin tinged faintly with green. The top edge of the panel is shaped so it has two rounded sections like shoulders leading to a stepped, crown-like form with an inward curving triangle at the top. A nickel-gray, crenelated stone wall of a distant city is nestled into the top, stepped section, with a glimmering gold sky above filling the uppermost triangle. Tile-roofed and domed buildings and a few towers appear densely packed beyond the wall. People on foot and horseback create a line from an arched opening in the wall toward us and to our right. Three of the people on horseback in the distance wear long robes and have gold halos. The line of people winds behind a tall, narrow hill to our right and it continues close to us. Two horses, two camels, and several people wait to the right but our attention is drawn to the trio in the foreground, Mary, Jesus, and Joseph, and the three men near the infant, the Magi. Mary wears a lapis-blue mantle covering her head and shoulders over a petal-pink dress, and she sits on a wooden or stone chest in the center of the painting. Her body faces us but she turns her face to look with pale blue eyes off to our right. In one hand she holds a hexagonal gold vessel that tapers to a flame-like finial. With the other hand, on our left, she supports the blond infant sitting in her lap. He is covered only with a white cloth around his waist, and he looks toward the vessel as he holds up the index and middle fingers of his right hand. To our left and slightly behind Mary, a balding man with white hair and beard and wearing a blue garment under a red robe sits with his head propped in his hand, looking down. His other hand rests on what might be the handle of a crutch or staff. The man, woman, and child have gold halos with what appears to be writing. The three Magi also have gold halos and they all wear scarlet-red shoes. The oldest kneels before Mary and kisses Jesus's feet. He has a long, light gray beard and is balding. He wears a brocade-like gold robe over pale brick-red sleeves. A cleanshaven man with dark brown hair and wrinkles around his mouth kneels to our left as he raises a jewel-encrusted gold crown from his head. He wears a gold and red floral-patterned garment and holds a rounded vessel, also with a flame-like finial. A younger, cleanshaven man with smooth features and shoulder-length, curling blond hair to our right also wears a gold crown. A dagger hangs from the waist of his sky-blue tunic, and his leggings are pale plum purple. Both arms are bent to his hands are held up, and in his right hand, he holds another tabernacle-like gold vessel. The structure to our left houses a donkey and bull munching hay. A gold sunburst floats above the roof, which seems to be built up against the stone wall of a building. The hills and trees beyond the people is painted with pine and moss greens and brown.

About three dozen people gather in a grassy field to either side of a crumbling structure to kneel and pray before a woman and baby in the center of this horizontal painting. The woman, Mary, and baby, Jesus, have smooth, pale skin while the others have light or tanned skin. The structure has sand-colored stone pillars, a wooden triangular, pitched roof, and a straw floor. Mary, who has an elongated torso, sits facing us with her knees apart. She wears an azure-blue robe over a rose-pink dress. A shell-pink veil covers her head and body. Jesus sits on her left knee, his pudgy body angled to our left. He is nude except for a transparent cloth wrapped over one shoulder and the opposite hip. Mary’s left hand braces his torso. On Mary’s right, our left, Joseph, an older man, stands facing us. He clasps his hands at his chest and leans on a long stick. He has wrinkled skin, long, gray curly hair, and a full beard. Both Mary and Joseph tilt their heads to their right, our left, as they look down at Jesus. Joseph wears a golden yellow robe over a blue tunic. Joseph, Mary, and Jesus have faint gold halos. Behind them, a brown cow and gray donkey rest on the straw. People closest to Mary and Jesus kneel and bow their heads while the people to the left and right sides mostly stand. Three men kneeling closest to Mary and Jesus offer gifts, including a bronze vessel and a gold jar. One man has long dark brown hair and a beard, and wears a gold crown. Another man is bald with long gray hair and beard, while the third is cleanshaven with shoulder-length brown hair. These men wear robes in powder blue, carnation pink, or celery green with delicate silver and gold embelishments. Others in the crowd range in age from young and cleanshaven to older and bearded. They wear robes and tunics in shades of raspberry pink, butterscotch yellow, lapis blue, plum purple, or forest green. Several horses, their coats white or cinnamon brown, stand among the crowd, a few with riders. To our right, one horse rears its head and two others stand facing each other. Beyond the crowd, grassy green meadows and hills dotted with trees lead back to the horizon. A pale blue sky fills the top third of the composition.

Cabinet Decorated with Episodes from the Parable of the Prodigal Son

The Submersion of Pharaoh's Army in the Red Sea

The Crucifixion of Saint Andrew

A man, woman, and four winged angels gather and kneel around a nude infant lying on the ground under a stone arched opening set in front of a landscape in this vertical painting. All of the people have pale white or lightly tanned skin. To our left, the woman wears gold-edged, royal-blue robes and has long, curly brown hair. The baby lies on the hem of her robe, his body facing her. An older, balding and bearded man kneels to the right, leaning on a walking stick. He wears a red garment under a green robe, and he holds a hat in his hands as he gazes at the baby. About a third the size of the man and woman, two of the angels kneel between the man and woman and another pair kneel to our left of the woman, seeming close to us. The angels wear colorful gold, pink, red, or yellow robes and all have long wavy blond hair. Their hands touch in prayer and all look down toward the baby. The people are sheltered in front of a crumbling stone wall under a wooden structure. To our left, a cow and donkey are penned in a stable. Two pairs of men stand near or lean on the other side of the rock wall that encloses the scene. A landscape with green rolling hills and a distant town with towers and buildings fills the background beneath a clear blue sky. A triangular structure made of wood beams is framed within the carved archway, which seems to separate us from the space of the painting. The face of the arch looks like it is carved with a nude man atop a column to the left and a similar woman to the right, and with miniature scenes stacked on tiny platforms curving upward to the apex of the arch.

Three men with crowns and wearing gold-trimmed robes stand and kneel before a woman sitting on a wooden, box-like seat holding a baby to our right, in front of a rocky cave and landscape, in this horizontal painting. A balding man with a gray beard and hair, Joseph, and two younger people with blond hair stand around the woman, Mary, to our right, while a group of five young men or boys and three horses gather near the left edge. All the people have pale skin. Mary, the baby Jesus, Joseph, and the three men closest to them all have shimmering gold halos. One balding man with a long white beard kneels and kisses the baby’s feet. He wears a gold and crimson-red brocade-like robe over a burgundy-red garment, and he holds a pointed gold crown in his right hand, which rests on the ground. Behind him and to our left, a younger man with curly blond hair and goatee, wearing a wine-red tunic belted with gold and a gold crown on his head, holds his hands in prayer as he kneels down on one knee. The third stands to our left, cleanshaven with long blond hair. He wears a fur-lined, thigh-length scarlet-red robe and a gold crown, and he holds up a gold vessel in one hand. To our right, Mary wears a lapis-blue robe that covers her head and falls to her feet. The baby is covered only by a white cloth across his hips, and he has short blond hair. He touches the kneeling man’s head with one hand. His body is pudgy but his face has more adult-like, delicate features. Joseph stands at the woman’s far shoulder, wearing a butter-yellow robe over a rose-pink garment. His hands are gathered on a walking stick in front of his chest and his brows are furrowed with deep lines. One of the two younger people behind Mary, to our right, holds a lidded gold vessel. The group of five attendants to our left gather around cream-white, gray, or chestnut-brown horses. These blond people wear garments of dark olive-green, coral-red, royal-blue, or rose-pink tunics over black stockings. The rocky, brown cave behind Mary and Jesus, to our right of center, is occupied by a donkey and an ox behind a wooden trough. The landscape beyond is segmented into quilt-like squares of stylized crops. The horizon line comes almost to the top edge of the panel beneath a narrow strip of vivid, cobalt-blue sky. A gold star like a sunburst with rays of light hovers over the woman and child.

Isaac and Rebecca, Known as ‘The Jewish Bride’

A pale-skinned woman sits in a pool of light against a deeply shadowed background in the bottom half of this vertical painting. She sits in the center of the composition, in a heavy wooden armchair next to a bed, which is flanked by two men. The woman wears a rose-pink, fur-trimmed robe draped over a white chemise. A pearl necklace and gold bracelets gleam at her throat and wrists, and her chestnut-brown hair is partially pulled up while curls fall to her shoulders. She looks to her left, our right, at a shadowy bearded man. He wears a turban wrapped in a gold chain, a cloak patterned with shades of bronze, olive green, and rust red, and a sword hangs from his belt. He stands facing our left, stooping slightly to rest his right arm, farther from us, on her chair, and his hand brushes her shoulder. The woman's mouth is open and brow furrowed as she points to the bed with her right hand, to our left. Her other hand holds up the loose neckline of her chemise to cover her chest. The bed is angled slightly away from us, to our left. It is covered with white linens and a mustard-yellow coverlet. A burgundy-red cloth or garment is draped over a bedpost at the foot of the bed. A younger man stands on the far side of the bed with his body angled to our right. He wears an olive-green tunic. A broad, scarlet-red sash is tied around his waist, and a bunch of keys hangs from it. Shoulder-length, light brown hair frames his face. His head tilts slightly to our right, and his hands are clasped at the waist, holding what looks like a black cap. A faint light him behind him creates a soft halo around his body. The top half of the painting is swallowed in deep shadow. The artist signed and dated the painting in the lower right, “Rembrandt. f. 1655.”

Processional cross

Crucifix with Scenes of the Passion

The Holy Family with Saints Anne and Catherine of Alexandria

A woman wearing a cobalt-blue robe and a white veil sits with her hands raised, palms out, as she looks toward a slender, bearded man who stands to our left in this vertical painting. Both have light skin and delicate features, and they sit in a room with stone walls and arched windows. There are faint circles under the woman’s light brown eyes. She has a long slender nose, and her pink lips are pursed. One knee is bent, and she is low to the ground, suggesting she sits on a stool. A book lies open on a wooden stand in front of her to our right, below her left elbow. The ruffled edges of her multi-layered, white veil sweep over her forehead and down to her shoulders. Her loose, long-sleeved blue garment is edged with gold and falls in angular folds to pool at her feet. She holds her long-fingered, slender hands up at her chest, palms facing the man to our left. He stands with his body angled toward her as he looks down, his head tipped slightly forward. His brown hair falls over his shoulders. His voluminous, gold-edged, red cloak is fastened at his throat with a gold, jeweled brooch, and it drapes over his shoulders and around his lower torso, leaving his arms, chest, and a gash over his right ribs exposed. He holds a tall, gold staff topped with a jeweled cross in his left hand, to our right. A moss-green pennant flutters back from the base of the cross, as if lifted in a breeze. The man holds up his other hand so the palm faces the woman with the first two fingers raised. Round, puncture wounds with red blood mark the palm of that hand and tops of both bare feet. The floor is patterned with gray, brown, blue, and green tiles. The wall behind the woman has honey-brown paneling along the bottom half and the top half is slate gray. Gray columns are spaced along that wall, supporting a curving, vaulted ceiling. Two arched windows pierce the wall behind the woman, and both have stained glass designs within the curving tops. The window closer to us opens onto a narrow view of a landscape with a rose-pink arch over a bridge, and a path winding through green fields. An open door over the shoulder of the man, to our left, shows the stepped roofline of a pink building under a blue sky. The entire scene is framed with a flattened arch supported by gleaming columns of polished, veined brown stone, creating the impression that we look onto the people and room through the arch. The columns have leafy capitals and white bases. The tan-colored arch is carved with a row of stylized rosettes along the opening that spans the top of the painting.

Christ Carrying the Cross

Close to us, a bearded, balding man leads a donkey carrying a woman and child to our right against a hilly landscape in this horizontal painting. All three people have pale, peachy skin and halos. The man has a gray beard and hair, and wears a royal-blue tunic under a ruby-red robe. He leans on a walking stick and looks back at the donkey. The woman riding the donkey wears a blue and gold brocade-like cloak covering her head and body. She has a straight nose, small pink lips, and she looks toward the infant she holds close to her body. The baby wears a white garment and reaches for the woman’s face with one hand as he turns to look over his shoulder toward us. The path they walk on is lined with grass and detailed plants. A river runs parallel to the path a short distance away. The horizon line comes about two-thirds of the way up the painting is lined with green trees, blue mountains, and a few buildings to our left. Wispy white clouds sweep across an azure-blue sky streaked with peach near the horizon.

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Anatomy
Animal Portrait
Animals
Anthropomorphism
Antiquity as Subject

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